Williamston Female College is a two- to three-story brick institutional building constructed in the mid-nineteenth century, originally serving as a private academy for the education of young women. The structure exemplifies vernacular interpretations of Greek Revival and early Victorian institutional architecture, reflecting educational ideals and construction practices common to Southern academy buildings of the period.

The building is rectangular in plan with a side-gabled roof of moderate pitch, originally covered with wood shingles and now overlaid with modern metal roofing while retaining the historic roofline. The foundation consists of brick piers with partial infill for stability. Load-bearing brick walls, laid primarily in common bond with occasional decorative header courses, define the exterior envelope.

The principal façade is symmetrical, organized into five bays with a centrally located entry. The main entrance features double-leaf wooden doors set within a transom-lit frame and flanked by plain brick pilasters supporting a modest entablature. Fenestration is regular, consisting of tall, double-hung sash windows, typically six-over-six, with simple wooden surrounds and projecting sills. Window placement is consistent across stories to maintain symmetry, with segmental-arched lintels incorporated above some openings.

The interior historically followed a central corridor plan, with classrooms or dormitory rooms arranged along the corridor on each floor. Structural framing consists of heavy timber joists and beams joined with mortise-and-tenon connections. Surviving interior finishes include plaster walls over wood lath, original heart-pine flooring, molded baseboards, and early wood trim. Notable interior features include wide staircases with turned balusters, square newel posts, and select Greek Revival mantelpieces in principal rooms.

Later additions include small rear wings and service areas constructed in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century to accommodate expanded classroom space and domestic functions, including kitchens and administrative offices. These additions are compatible in scale and materials with the original structure and do not obscure the building’s primary elevations.

The surrounding grounds historically included modest landscaping and open play areas, with circulation paths linking the school to the town’s street network. While some original landscape features have been lost, the property retains sufficient setting to convey its institutional character.