The Pendleton Cotton Mill, also known as Cheney Mill, is a historic textile mill located at 250 S. Depot Street in Pendleton, South Carolina. Constructed between 1903 and 1906, it stands as one of the last well-preserved examples of early 20th-century textile mill architecture in Anderson County. The mill was established by local investors Augustus John and Joseph Jeptha Sitton and operated with 10,000 spindles, producing cotton yarns. At its peak, Anderson County was home to 17 cotton mills during the early 1900s .​

The mill complex is a two-story, L-shaped brick building that retains much of its original architectural integrity. Key features include:​

• Eight-over-eight double-hung wood-sash windows with eight-light transoms​
• Segmental-arched window openings​
• Crenellated stair tower​
• Brick smokestack
• Low-pitched gable roof with exposed rafter tails

Additional contributing structures on the site are a water tower, mill pond, press house, warehouse, and three hose houses, all of which enhance the site’s historical significance .​

The Pendleton Cotton Mill played a pivotal role in the local economy, reflecting the industrial growth of Anderson County in the early 20th century. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on January 29, 2018, under the criteria of Industry and Architecture, highlighting its importance in the region’s textile industry and its architectural merit .​

As of recent reports, the mill has deteriorated significantly. It is described as a “dangerous, disintegrating eyesore” located near Pendleton’s business district. The site is no longer open to the public, and access is restricted due to safety concerns. Visitors are advised to view the property from a distance and refrain from entering the premises .​

Pendleton Cotton Mill​

Address: 250 S. Depot Street, Pendleton, SC 29670​